Dr. Mehdi Davut smiles as he talks about his plans to return for the first time in eight years to his homeland in Syria and see how his aid association may help in Aleppo, a significant city seized last week by anti-regime fighters.
“The liberation of Aleppo brought us such joy because Aleppo was a source of pain,” he told Reuters in Istanbul, where some half a million Syrians live.
Syrian anti-regime fighters captured Aleppo from Bashar Assad’s forces, bringing hope of return among hundreds of thousands exiled from the city, which has been under Assad’s control since 2016. The fighters on Thursday captured the city of Hama and on Friday advanced further south into Homs, a key link to regime bastion Damascus.
Hundreds of thousands have died in the Syrian war since it erupted out of a 2011 Arab Spring uprising against Assad’s rule. More than half the pre-war population of 23 million were forced from their homes, with millions fleeing abroad, including across the frontier to Türkiye.
Many of those who settled learned Turkish, put their children in local schools and some acquired Turkish nationality, but they remained geographically close to their homeland, hoping they could someday return.
Interior Minister Ali Yerlikaya has said more than 40% of 3 million Syrians in Türkiye are from Aleppo, once the country’s biggest city. But much of it was laid to waste when Syrian forces backed by Russia and Iran besieged and took control of opposition-held areas eight years ago.
Davut, who runs an association helping Syrians in Türkiye, was heading to Aleppo on Thursday to see what food and medical supplies are needed. But he was skeptical about the prospect of Syrians returning from Türkiye any time soon.
“We are afraid of another attack,” he said, referring to military action by Assad-backed forces. “He will not give up that seat easily.”
“I think even those who want to return or those who think of returning will wait at least six months or a year,” he said.
Syrians told to wait
President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan had offered in July to meet Assad amid reconciliation efforts. He said at the time that 670,000 people had returned to Syria from Türkiye and forecast another million would return.
But Yerlikaya advised caution. “Right now, to those (from Aleppo) who tell us ‘I want to go now,’ we tell them to wait. Once the region is identified as safe, it will be announced,” he told reporters on Wednesday.
The situation in northwest Syria has stabilized since 2020 under a deal between NATO member Türkiye, which backs the political and armed opposition, and Russia, a key ally of Assad.
Ankara has said it gave no permission or support to the latest anti-regime operation but that Assad needed to reconcile with his people and the opposition. Moscow said it strongly backs efforts by Damascus to counter what it called “terrorist groups” receiving support from outside the country.
The head of Syria’s main opposition abroad, Hadi al-Bahra, told Reuters the anti-regime operation was meant in part to reopen Aleppo to those displaced on both sides of the border, including up to 600,000 from Türkiye, if the city is stabilized.
The insurgents are a coalition of Türkiye-backed mainstream secular armed groups spearheaded by Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS), a group that has been designated a terrorist outfit by Türkiye, the United States, Russia and other states.
Despite fears of instability, the news from Aleppo stirred excitement in the health clinic run by Davut in Istanbul’s Fatih district, with staff handing out sweets to celebrate.
“God willing, we can go to Aleppo as we are far from our family and beloved,” said nurse Intisar Ashour, 50, who left the city a decade ago. “It’s a joy from deep inside our hearts, and I pray to go back.”
She left Aleppo with her brothers and sisters when one brother was killed in a barrel bombing, she said.
Elsewhere in Fatih, Syrian shopkeeper Mahir, 60, said all those he spoke to were happy about the news from Aleppo, and some were thinking of going back.
But he was uneasy about what lay ahead after spending a year in jail in Damascus.
“We have spent 50 years under the Assad regime, father then son. It’s horrible. You cannot imagine how Syrians suffered,” he said. “I hope those who are fighting now succeed. They will create a new life, a new country for the new generation.”